Sequence variation among SARS-CoV-2 isolates in Taiwan
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Abstract
Taiwan experienced two waves of imported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first from China in January to late February, followed by those from other countries starting in early March. Additionally, several cases could not be traced to any imported cases and were suspected as sporadic local transmission. Twelve full viral genomes were determined in this study by Illumina sequencing either from virus isolates or directly from specimens, among which 5 originated from clustered infections. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that these sequences were in different clades, indicating that no major strain has been circulating in Taiwan. A deletion in open reading frame 8 was found in one isolate. Only a 4-nucleotide difference was observed among the 5 genomes from clustered infections.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.03.29.014290: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Cell Culture and Virus Isolation: Vero-E6 (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) and MK-2 (ATCC) cells were maintained in Modified Eagle Medium (MEM, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1x penicillin-streptomycin at 37°C in the presence of 5% CO2. Vero-E6suggested: NoneMK-2suggested: NoneSoftware and Algorithms Sentences Resources Next-generation Sequencing Data Analysis Pipeline: We first trimmed … SciScore for 10.1101/2020.03.29.014290: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Cell Culture and Virus Isolation: Vero-E6 (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) and MK-2 (ATCC) cells were maintained in Modified Eagle Medium (MEM, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1x penicillin-streptomycin at 37°C in the presence of 5% CO2. Vero-E6suggested: NoneMK-2suggested: NoneSoftware and Algorithms Sentences Resources Next-generation Sequencing Data Analysis Pipeline: We first trimmed the raw data by removing low-quality and short reads using Trimmomatic (version 0.39) (4). Trimmomaticsuggested: (Trimmomatic, RRID:SCR_011848)Next, quality reads were mapped to the human reference genome to remove host sequences using HISAT2 (version 2.1.0) (5) HISAT2suggested: (HISAT2, RRID:SCR_015530)SPAdes (version 3.14.0) (6) was used to perform de novo assembly for constructing contig sequences. SPAdessuggested: (SPAdes, RRID:SCR_000131)Viral candidates were identified using the reported top BLASTN hits for each of the queried contig sequences. BLASTNsuggested: (BLASTN, RRID:SCR_001598)In total 348 sequences were aligned using MAFFT (version 7.427) (8) for further analyses. MAFFTsuggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)The phylogenetic tree was inferred using RAxML (version 8.2.12) (9) under the GTRGAMMA model with a bootstrap value of 1000 to investigate the genomic relationships. RAxMLsuggested: (RAxML, RRID:SCR_006086)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- No conflict of interest statement was detected. If there are no conflicts, we encourage authors to explicit state so.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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