Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Hainan, China

  1. Shijiao Yan
  2. Xingyue Song
  3. Feng Lin
  4. Haiyan Zhu
  5. Xiaozhi Wang
  6. Min Li
  7. Jianwen Ruan
  8. Changfeng Lin
  9. Xiaoran Liu
  10. Qiang Wu
  11. Zhiqian Luo
  12. Wenning Fu
  13. Song Chen
  14. Yong Yuan
  15. Shengxing Liu
  16. Jinjian Yao
  17. Chuanzhu Lv

Reviewed by

Read the full article

Listed in

Log in to save this article

Abstract

Background

Since January 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has spread rapidly and developing the pandemic model around the world. Data have been needed on the clinical characteristics of the affected patients in an imported cases as model in island outside Wuhan.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study included all 168 confirmed cases of Covid-19 in Hainan province from 22 January 2020 to 13 March 2020. Cases were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and were analysed for demographic, clinical, radiological and laboratory data.

Results

Of 168 patients, 160 have been discharged, 6 have died and 2 remain hospitalized. The median age was 51.0 years and 51.8% were females. 129 (76.8%) patients were imported cases, and 118 (70.2%), 51 (30.4%) and 52 (31%) of patients lived in Wuhan or traveled to Wuhan, had contact with Covid-19 patients, or had contact with Wuhan residents, respectively. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever (65.5%), dry cough (48.8%) and expectoration (32.1%). On admission, ground-glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography (60.2%). The elderly people with diabetes, hypertension and CVD are more likely to develop severe cases. Follow-up of 160 discharged patients found that 20 patients (12.5%) had a positive RT-PCR test results of pharyngeal swabs or anal swabs or fecal.

Conclusions

In light of the rapid spread of Covid-19 around the world, early diagnosis and quarantine is important to curb the spread of Covid-19 and intensive treatments in early stage is to prevent patients away from critical condition.

Article activity feed

  1. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2020.03.19.20038539: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board StatementIRB: The study was approved by the institutional ethics board of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (No. 2020R003).
    Consent: Written informed consent was waived due to the urgent need to collect clinical data on this emerging disease.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    All analyses were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 22.0 software (SPSS Inc), and the statistical significance was two-sided P values <0.05.
    SPSS
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)
    Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)
    Distribution map was plotted using ArcGis version 10.2.2
    ArcGis
    suggested: (ArcGIS for Desktop Basic, RRID:SCR_011081)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Our study has some limitations. First, though we have included all the patients of Covid-19 in Hainan province, the sample size was still relatively small and the patients were only from Hainan province, it might be that more clinical features related to Covid-19 would not be identified yet. Secondly, some cases had incomplete record of the radiologic and laboratory testing, given the different procedures among different hospitals. In conclusion, patients infected with Covid-19 have a severe rate of 21.4% and a fatality rate of 3.6% in Hainan province. The elderly people with diabetes, hypertension and CVD are more likely to develop severe cases. Fever is the most common symptom, though it does not occur in all patients before hospital admission. In light of the rapid spread of Covid-19 around the world, and no specialized medication to treat Covid-19, early identification and diagnosis is important for the prevention and treatment of Covid-19 to prevent patients from developing into critical illness.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  2. Version published to 10.1101/2020.03.19.20038539v1 on medRxiv