HIV Testing by Public Health Centers and Municipalities and New HIV Cases During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

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1. Version published to 10.1097/qai.0000000000002660

   Jun 1, 2021
2. 

   ScreenIT

   Oct 19, 2020

   SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.16.20213959: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Institutional Review Board Statement	not detected.
   Randomization	not detected.
   Blinding	not detected.
   Power Analysis	not detected.
   Sex as a biological variable	We further extracted the data of HIV cases with and without AIDS diagnosis for the following two subgroups: men who have sex with men (MSM) and non-Japanese, because MSM accounts for about 70% of the newly reported HIV cases (12), and foreigners are considered vulnerable during disasters due to language barriers (13).

   Table 2: Resources

   Antibodies
   Sentences	Resources
   Anomaly detection: We applied an anomaly detection approach to those longitudinal data to identify the period when the number of HIV related consultations, HIV antibody tests, and new HIV …

   SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.16.20213959: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Institutional Review Board Statement	not detected.
   Randomization	not detected.
   Blinding	not detected.
   Power Analysis	not detected.
   Sex as a biological variable	We further extracted the data of HIV cases with and without AIDS diagnosis for the following two subgroups: men who have sex with men (MSM) and non-Japanese, because MSM accounts for about 70% of the newly reported HIV cases (12), and foreigners are considered vulnerable during disasters due to language barriers (13).

   Table 2: Resources

   Antibodies
   Sentences	Resources
   Anomaly detection: We applied an anomaly detection approach to those longitudinal data to identify the period when the number of HIV related consultations, HIV antibody tests, and new HIV cases with and without AIDS diagnosis were disrupted.	HIV suggested: None
   Software and Algorithms
   Sentences	Resources
   All analyses were performed on the statistical computing software R 4.0.1 (R Development Core Team) with the library ‘anomalize’.	R Development Core suggested: (R Project for Statistical Computing, RRID:SCR_001905)

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   Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

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   Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

   A limitation of this study is that we were not able to account for the heterogeneous epidemiology of HIV between different regions. Higher HIV incidence has been observed in urban areas such as Tokyo and Osaka compared with rural areas. Thus, public health centers in urban areas have allocated budgetary resources towards HIV testing, whereas this has not been prioritized in rural areas. During the pandemic, the testing opportunities in rural areas may have declined even further than urban areas. Our study mainly focused on HIV cases with and without AIDS diagnosis and testing regardless of the patients’ characteristics. One of the concerns in this pandemic is that more vulnerable populations, such as sex workers, low-income populations, younger population, in addition to foreigners, may have experienced disproportionate harms. Further studies should focus on these populations and identify barriers to testing. We used only the number of tests performed by public health centers and municipalities, thus self-tests and home specimen collection, which are increasingly popular, and tests performed in clinics and hospitals were not counted. Further investigation is necessary to focus on these types of tests to fully understand the response of the HIV testing system to COVID-19 in Japan. We demonstrated that the uptake of HIV testing provided by public health centers and municipalities declined; further, HIV cases without AIDS diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic numerically decrea...

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   Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

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   Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

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   Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

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   Results from rtransparent:

   • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
   • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
   • No protocol registration statement was detected.

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   Read the original source
3. 

   Version published to 10.1101/2020.10.16.20213959v1 on medRxiv

   Oct 18, 2020