Distinct Homologous and Variant-Specific Memory B-Cell and Antibody Response Over Time After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Messenger RNA Vaccination
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Abstract
The durability of protective humoral immunity after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination and infection is largely dependent on the generation and persistence of antigen-specific isotype-switched memory B cells (MBCs) and long-lived plasma cells that reside in the bone marrow and secrete high-affinity neutralizing antibodies. The reactivity of vaccine-induced MBCs to emerging clinically significant SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) is largely unknown. In a longitudinal cohort study (up to 6 months following coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccination), we measured MBCs in concert with other functional antibody measures. We found statistically significant differences between the frequencies of MBCs responding to homologous and VoC (Beta, Gamma, and Delta) receptor-binding domains after vaccination that persisted over time. In concert with a waning antibody response, the reduced MBC response to VoCs could translate to a weaker subsequent recall immune response and increased susceptibility to the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant strains after vaccination.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.07.12.21260386: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics Consent: All study participants provided written informed consent, and all study procedures were approved by the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board.
IRB: All study participants provided written informed consent, and all study procedures were approved by the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board.Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Antibody Assays: The neutralizing antibody response was assessed using a high-throughput, fluorescence/GFP-based pseudovirus/VSV microneutralization assay4, further developed in our laboratory to allow rapid … SciScore for 10.1101/2021.07.12.21260386: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics Consent: All study participants provided written informed consent, and all study procedures were approved by the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board.
IRB: All study participants provided written informed consent, and all study procedures were approved by the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board.Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Antibody Assays: The neutralizing antibody response was assessed using a high-throughput, fluorescence/GFP-based pseudovirus/VSV microneutralization assay4, further developed in our laboratory to allow rapid imaging/quantification of cell infection with the ImageXpress® platform/software (Molecular Devices). ImageXpress®suggested: NoneResults from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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