Type I, II, and III Interferon Signatures Correspond to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity
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Abstract
We analyzed plasma levels of interferons (IFNs) and cytokines, and expression of IFN-stimulated genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 of varying disease severity. Patients hospitalized with mild disease exhibited transient type I IFN responses, while intensive care unit patients had prolonged type I IFN responses. Type II IFN responses were compromised in intensive care unit patients. Type III IFN responses were induced in the early phase of infection, even in convalescent patients. These results highlight the importance of early type I and III IFN responses in controlling coronavirus disease 2019 progression.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.03.10.21253317: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: The study conforms to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval by the Ethics Committees of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (approval number: 2020P000804) All participants provided informed consent.
Consent: The study conforms to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval by the Ethics Committees of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (approval number: 2020P000804) All participants provided informed consent.Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms S… SciScore for 10.1101/2021.03.10.21253317: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: The study conforms to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval by the Ethics Committees of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (approval number: 2020P000804) All participants provided informed consent.
Consent: The study conforms to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval by the Ethics Committees of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (approval number: 2020P000804) All participants provided informed consent.Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Statistics: Grouped data are generally presented as median ± IQR, with groups compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test for non-parametric data using Prism 9.0 (Graphpad) Prismsuggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375)Graphpadsuggested: (GraphPad, RRID:SCR_000306)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:
Identifier Status Title NCT04343976 Enrolling by invitation Pegylated Interferon Lambda Treatment for COVID-19 NCT04354259 Recruiting Interferon Lambda for Immediate Antiviral Therapy at Diagnos… NCT04388709 Withdrawn Interferon Lambda Therapy for COVID-19 NCT04344600 Recruiting Peginterferon Lambda-1a for the Prevention and Treatment of … Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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