Vaccine Effectiveness of CanSino (Adv5-nCoV) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine Among Childcare Workers—Mexico, March–December 2021
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Abstract
Background
Beginning in March 2021, Mexico vaccinated childcare workers with a single-dose CanSino Biologics (Adv5-nCoV) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Although CanSino is currently approved for use in 10 Latin American, Asian, and European countries, little information is available about its vaccine effectiveness (VE).
Methods
We evaluated CanSino VE within a childcare worker cohort that included 1408 childcare facilities. Participants were followed during March–December 2021 and tested through severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen test if they developed any symptom compatible with COVID-19. Vaccination status was obtained through worker registries. VE was calculated as 100% × (1 − hazard ratio for SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated vs unvaccinated participants), using an Andersen-Gill model adjusted for age, sex, state, and local viral circulation.
Results
The cohort included 43 925 persons who were mostly (96%) female with a median age of 32 years; 37 646 (86%) were vaccinated with CanSino. During March–December 2021, 2250 (5%) participants had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, of whom 25 were hospitalized and 6 died. Adjusted VE was 20% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10%–29%) against illness, 76% (95% CI, 42%–90%) against hospitalization, and 94% (95% CI, 66%–99%) against death. VE against illness declined from 48% (95% CI, 33%–61%) after 14–60 days following full vaccination to 20% (95% CI, 9%–31%) after 61–120 days.
Conclusions
CanSino vaccine was effective at preventing COVID-19 illness and highly effective at preventing hospitalization and death. It will be useful to further evaluate duration of protection and assess the value of booster doses to prevent COVID-19 and severe outcomes.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2022.04.14.22273413: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources All analyses were conducted with SAS software, version 9.4 (SAS Institute). SASsuggested: (SASqPCR, RRID:SCR_003056)SAS Institutesuggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Strengths and limitations: Our evaluation demonstrated …
SciScore for 10.1101/2022.04.14.22273413: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources All analyses were conducted with SAS software, version 9.4 (SAS Institute). SASsuggested: (SASqPCR, RRID:SCR_003056)SAS Institutesuggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Strengths and limitations: Our evaluation demonstrated noteworthy strengths of IMSS’s worker surveillance and vaccine rollout in Mexico. We followed nearly 44,000 childcare workers during 2021 which allowed us to prospectively monitor COVID-19 illness development and ascertain subsequent hospitalization and death. High vaccine coverage (86%) among this cohort was facilitated by Mexico’s vaccination rollout through an existing universal vaccination program; assessments of previous pandemics demonstrate that countries that have existing immunization programs are more likely to rapidly benefit from pandemic vaccines than countries without such programs [32]. However, our study also had important limitations. Cohort members were predominantly female (96%) with a median age of 32 years, and findings may not be generalizable to other populations. Sparse outcomes, particularly hospitalizations and deaths, reduced the precision of vaccine effectiveness estimates. Additionally, a large proportion of workers with symptoms compatible with COVID-19 were tested through rapid antigen tests rather than through the more sensitive RT-PCR assays [33]; however, results of our sensitivity analysis indicated that estimates were comparable for overall and RT-PCR-only test results. Key data about SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 illness (including presence of symptoms, laboratory result, and vaccination status) were derived in many instances through self-report, although these were verified by off...
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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