Characteristics of patients with hematologic malignancies without seroconversion post-COVID-19 third vaccine dosing

  1. Sigrun Hallmeyer
  2. Michael A Thompson
  3. Veronica Fitzpatrick
  4. Yunqi Liao
  5. Michael P Mullane
  6. Stephen C Medlin
  7. Kenneth Copeland
  8. James L Weese

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Abstract

Objectives

The objective of this study is to explore the characteristics of the subset of patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) who had little to no change in SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody index value levels after a third mRNA vaccine dose (3V) and to compare the cohort of patients who did and did not seroconvert post-3V to get a better understanding of the demographics and potential drivers of serostatus.

Study design

This retrospective cohort study analyzed SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody index values pre and post the 3V data on 625 patients diagnosed with HM across a large Midwestern United States healthcare system between 31 October 2019 and 31 January 2022.

Methods

To assess the association between individual characteristics and seroconversion status, patients were placed into two groups based on IgG antibody status pre and post the 3V dose, (−/+) and (−/−). Odds ratios were used as measures of association for all categorical variables. Logistic regressions were used to measure the association between HM condition and seroconversion.

Results

HM diagnosis was significantly associated with seroconversion status (P = 0.0003) with patients non-Hodgkin lymphoma six times the odds of not seroconverting compared with multiple myeloma patients (P = 0.0010). Among the participants who were seronegative prior to 3V, 149 (55.6%) seroconverted after the 3V dose and 119 (44.4%) did not.

Conclusion

This study focuses on an important subset of patients with HM who are not seroconverting after the COVID mRNA 3V. This gain in scientific knowledge is needed for clinicians to target and counsel these vulnerable patients.

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  1. Version published to 10.1093/biomethods/bpad002
  2. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2022.04.07.22273430: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Ethicsnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variableSex included male and female.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Variables: Data gathered in this study included: age, race, ethnicity, COVID19 mRNA vaccine type, COVID19 infection history prior to 3V of COVID19 vaccine, days between the second and third dose of COVID19 vaccine, HM diagnosis, up to four SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies results between August 28, 2021 and January 31, 2022, and days between the third dose of COVID19 vaccine and each IgG result.
    SARS-CoV-2 IgG
    suggested: None
    Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
    SentencesResources
    Male, White, non-Hispanic/Latino, receiving Pfizer-BioNTech as the 3V dose, having previous COVID19 infection, and NHL were used as reference groups for the respective variables for the OR calculation.
    , White
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Race was collapsed into White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and multi-racial (two or more races).
    Islander
    suggested: (Islander, RRID:SCR_007758)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Limitations: Due to this study data being obtained from a standard of care internal program it lacked T-cell function or neutralizing antibody functional measurements. Additionally, as part of real-world data the patients were not a homogeneous population with the same treatment schedules, however this data may complement such data sets. Future studies should dive more deeply into individual HM patient characteristics as seroconversion may also be a function of disease and/or treatment.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

    About SciScore

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  3. Version published to 10.1101/2022.04.07.22273430v1 on medRxiv