Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of Vaccine Boosters after Ad26.COV2.S Priming

  1. Roos S.G. Sablerolles
  2. Wim J.R. Rietdijk
  3. Abraham Goorhuis
  4. Douwe F. Postma
  5. Leo G. Visser
  6. Daryl Geers
  7. Katharina S. Schmitz
  8. Hannah M. Garcia Garrido
  9. Marion P.G. Koopmans
  10. Virgil A.S.H. Dalm
  11. Neeltje A. Kootstra
  12. Anke L.W. Huckriede
  13. Melvin Lafeber
  14. Debbie van Baarle
  15. Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel
  16. Rory D. de Vries
  17. P. Hugo M. van der Kuy

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Abstract

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  1. Version published to 10.1056/nejmoa2116747
  2. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2021.10.18.21264979: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: The trial adheres to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee from Erasmus Medical Center (MEC 2021-0132) and the local review boards of the other participating centers.
    Consent: All participants provided written informed consent before enrollment.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    RandomizationEthical statement: The SWITCH trial is a single-(participant)-blinded, multi-center, randomized controlled trial among 434 healthy health care workers (HCWs) performed in four academic hospitals in the Netherlands (Amsterdam University Medical Center
    BlindingParticipants were blinded to the allocated vaccine by applying blinded etiquettes to conceal volume and appearance.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Briefly, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N)-specific antibodies were measured to confirm that participants had not been previously exposed to SARS CoV-2.
    SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid ( N)-specific
    suggested: None
    Spike (S)-specific binding antibodies were measured at 0 and 28 days after the booster vaccination using a quantitative anti-spike IgG assay (Liaison SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG assay, DiaSorin, Italy
    anti-spike IgG
    suggested: None
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    Neutralizing capacity of antibodies against infectious SARS CoV-2 D614G was assessed in a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) on Vero-E6 cells.
    Vero-E6
    suggested: None

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    A potential limitation of our study is that we have exclusively evaluated booster vaccinations in young HCWs without severe comorbidities, and we may not be able translate these results to other populations. However, previous studies on homologous vaccination regimens show similar immunogenicity data comparing younger (18–55 years) and older (>55 years) adults 32-34. Furthermore, we evaluated the heterologous booster vaccination regimens in a three-month interval from the priming vaccination, to allow a comparison with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 trials 35, but the optimal prime-boost interval remains to be investigated. The homologous prime-boost intervals in the Ad26.COV2.S trials published after inception of the SWITCH trial varied from 2 to 6 months 6,36, and suggest that late boosting might be more effective. This would further enhance the effect observed in our study. In conclusion, single dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccination adequately primes the immune system. We now show that in face of possible waning immunity and circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants, these responses can be boosted most efficiently with mRNA vaccines. Upon boosting, an increased VE against infection and transmission is likely, but future studies will need to show the added value of boosting on VE against severe disease. Discussion on the need for booster vaccination should also consider timing, the target population, the level of SARS CoV-2 circulation, and the global inequity in vaccine access.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:

    IdentifierStatusTitle
    NCT04927936RecruitingA Trial Among HealthCare Workers (HCW) Vaccinated With Janss…

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  3. Version published to 10.1101/2021.10.18.21264979v1 on medRxiv