Sulforaphane exhibits antiviral activity against pandemic SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal HCoV-OC43 coronaviruses in vitro and in mice

Article activity feed

1. Version published to 10.1038/s42003-022-03189-z

   Mar 18, 2022
2. 

   ScreenIT

   Mar 28, 2021

   SciScore for 10.1101/2021.03.25.437060: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Institutional Review Board Statement	IACUC: The protocols were approved by the Johns Hopkins University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
   Randomization	not detected.
   Blinding	not detected.
   Power Analysis	not detected.
   Sex as a biological variable	Male mice, 6-8 weeks old were used for this study.
   Cell Line Authentication	not detected.

   Table 2: Resources

   Antibodies
   Sentences	Resources
   Primary antibody, anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (1:200 dilution; catalog # GTX135356, lot # 43957, Genetex) was applied at 36°C for 60 minutes.	anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein suggested: None
   Primary antibodies were detected using an anti-rabbit HQ detection system (catalog # 7017936001 and 7017812001, Roche Diagnostics) …

   SciScore for 10.1101/2021.03.25.437060: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Institutional Review Board Statement	IACUC: The protocols were approved by the Johns Hopkins University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
   Randomization	not detected.
   Blinding	not detected.
   Power Analysis	not detected.
   Sex as a biological variable	Male mice, 6-8 weeks old were used for this study.
   Cell Line Authentication	not detected.

   Table 2: Resources

   Antibodies
   Sentences	Resources
   Primary antibody, anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (1:200 dilution; catalog # GTX135356, lot # 43957, Genetex) was applied at 36°C for 60 minutes.	anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein suggested: None
   Primary antibodies were detected using an anti-rabbit HQ detection system (catalog # 7017936001 and 7017812001, Roche Diagnostics) followed by Chromomap DAB IHC detection kit (catalog # 5266645001, Roche Diagnostics), counterstaining with Mayer’s hematoxylin, dehydration, and mounting.	anti-rabbit suggested: None
   Experimental Models: Cell Lines
   Sentences	Resources
   HCT-8 [HRT-18]	HCT-8 suggested: None
   ATCC CCL-244) and Vero C1008 [Vero 76, clone E6, Vero E6] (ATCC CRL-1586) cells were used for growing virus and determining virus stock titers.	Vero C1008 suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-1586, RRID:CVCL_0574) Vero E6 suggested: None
   Vero C1008 cells, MRC-5 (ATCC CCL-171) cells, and Caco-2 (ATCC HTB-37) cells were used as host cells in antiviral assays.	MRC-5 suggested: None
   Caco-2 cells were grown in Minimum Essential Media supplemented with 10% FBS, 1x sodium pyruvate and penicillin-streptomycin at 37°C with 5% CO2.	Caco-2 suggested: None
   Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
   Sentences	Resources
   Heterozygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6J mice (strain: 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory and propagated at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.	C57BL/6J suggested: RRID:MGI:3589388)
   Software and Algorithms
   Sentences	Resources
   FCS files were analyzed using Flowjo v10.6.2 software (BD).	Flowjo suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)
   Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed using Prism 9.0.1 (GraphPad).	Prism suggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375) GraphPad suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

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   Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

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   Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

   While the K18-hACE2 mouse model has been previously used to recapitulate features of COVID-19 in humans 12, our study has several limitations. The expression of the hACE2 transgene is non-physiological, resulting in tissue expression levels that are distinct from endogenously expressed ACE2. Sex differences, which are known to occur with SARS-CoV-2 infection, could not be assessed since we only used male animals in these experiments. Finally, the absorption of SFN after oral administration can be modified by the intestinal microbiome 1, leading to potentially variable drug exposures between animals. Our results demonstrate that pharmacologically relevant micromolar concentrations of SFN inhibited viral replication and virus-induced cell death. The bioavailability of SFN in humans is dependent on dosage and dietary form 1. Safety studies using SFN-rich broccoli sprouts corresponding to 50 to 400 μM SFN daily have shown that SFN is well tolerated without clinically significant adverse effects 1,21,49,50. After intake, the plasma concentration of SFN is rapidly eliminated but SFN exerts a sustained effect on gene expression 51. Consumption of SFN-rich broccoli sprouts (single oral daily dose equivalent to 200μM of SFN) reportedly results in a peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 1.9 μM at 2-3h 52,53. By comparison, SFN inhibited in vitro SARS-CoV-2 replication in human cells with an IC50 of 2.4μM. Doses of 100μM of SFN administered twice daily led to higher steady-state concentra...

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   Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

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   Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

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   Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

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   Results from rtransparent:

   • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
   • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
   • No protocol registration statement was detected.

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3. 

   Version published to 10.1101/2021.03.25.437060v1 on bioRxiv

   Mar 25, 2021