Effect of blade parameters on radial turbine rotor aerodynamics

Radial turbines play a vital role in turbochargers and compact power systems, where efficiency and size optimization are crucial. However, the combined aerodynamic effects of key rotor geometric features–namely blade angle distribution, thickness profile, and blade count–have not been comprehensively examined. This work presents a unified CFD-based methodology to assess how coordinated changes in these parameters influence turbine performance. A validated numerical model of a reference rotor was employed to systematically vary each design factor and evaluate its impact on efficiency and reduced mass flow. The investigation demonstrates that carefully optimized geometric adjustments can enhance flow uniformity, minimize secondary losses, and improve overall energy conversion. The study establishes clear performance trends supported by detailed flow-field analysis and provides design-oriented correlations that can guide future optimization of radial turbine rotors for high-efficiency operation.