SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G change enhances replication and transmission

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Abstract

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.27.357558: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board Statementnot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Supernatants were collected and quantified by western blotting using anti-human IgG secondary antibody (ThermoFisher A-21091).
    anti-human IgG
    suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-21091, RRID:AB_2535747)
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    Twenty-four hours before electroporation, BHK-SARS-N cells were treated with 1 μg ml−1 doxycyclin to express SARS-CoV N protein.
    BHK-SARS-N
    suggested: None
    Flow cytometry: A stable clone of BHK cells expressing exogenous hACE2 were pelleted and resuspended in reaction buffer (PBS pH7.4 with 0.02% tween-20 and 4% BSA) at a concentration of 5 × 106 cells/ml. 100 μl/well of the cells were aliquoted into a round-bottom 96-well plate and incubated on ice for at least 5 min.
    BHK
    suggested: None
    Transcribed capped mRNA was electroporated into baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells expressing SARS-CoV N protein.
    BHK-21
    suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-6282, RRID:CVCL_1914)
    In brief, Vero E6 cells were infected with P.1 viruses.
    Vero E6
    suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)
    Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
    SentencesResources
    To determine the ratios of S-614D:S-614G in competition assays in Epithelix and hACE2-KI mice, reverse transcription PCR was performed on extracted RNA using SuperScript™ IV One-step RT-PCR System (Invitrogen).
    hACE2-KI
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    After incubation, cells were washed in 200 μl PBST washing solution (PBS pH7.4 with 0.02% tween-20) once and then 100 μl of 1:300 diluted secondary antibody (ThermoFisher Cat # A-21091 for Fc-tag and ThermoFisher Cat # MA1-21315-647 for polyhistidine-tag) was added into each well of cells, mixed, and incubated on ice with shaking for 15 min.
    ThermoFisher Cat
    suggested: None
    Generation of infectious cDNA clones using TAR cloning and rescue of recombinant viruses: To introduce the 614G mutation to the Spike gene, PCR mutagenesis (Supplementary Table 1) was performed on the pUC57 plasmid containing SARS-CoV-2 fragment 1010 using Q5® Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (New England BioLab).
    New England BioLab
    suggested: None
    DNA concentration was determined using Qubit dsDNA HS (High Sensitivity) Assay (Thermo Fisher), and subsequently diluted to 200 ng in 50 μl of nuclease-free water for sequencing by Nanopore sequencing MinION.
    MinION
    suggested: (MinION, RRID:SCR_017985)
    For data analysis, TrimGalore v0.6.5 was used to remove low-quality reads and adaptors from the raw sequencing files.
    TrimGalore
    suggested: None
    The resulting trimmed paired-end reads were then aligned to the SARS-CoV-2 genome (GenBank accession MT108784) using Bowtie2 v2.3.5.
    Bowtie2
    suggested: (Bowtie 2, RRID:SCR_016368)
    Finally, a consensus sequence was generated for each virus stock using Samtools v1.10 with the -d option set to 10,000.
    Samtools
    suggested: (SAMTOOLS, RRID:SCR_002105)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  2. SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.27.357558: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board Statementnot detected.Randomizationnot detected.Blindingnot detected.Power Analysisnot detected.Sex as a biological variableEight heterozygous female mice were inoculated intranasally (i.n.) in a competition experiment with a mixture of both viruses, SARS-CoV-2S-614D and SARS-CoV-2S-614G, using 1x105 plaque forming unit (PFU) of each variant (Figure 2A).Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    ( of three replicates (Vero E6) and four replicates (hNE).
    Vero E6
    suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Data availability Sequencing data from passage 1 virus stocks for recombinant SARS-CoV-2S-614D and SARS- CoV-2S-614G, as well as data from all in vitro and in vivo competition experiments, will be made available on the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA)
    NCBI Sequence Read Archive
    suggested: (NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA, RRID:SCR_004891)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.


    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.