Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic COVID-19 is persistent and critical for survival
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Abstract
Understanding how antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 evolve during infection may provide important insight into therapeutic approaches and vaccination for COVID-19. Here we profile the antibody responses of 162 COVID-19 symptomatic patients in the COVID-BioB cohort followed longitudinally for up to eight months from symptom onset to find SARS-CoV-2 neutralization, as well as antibodies either recognizing SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens and nucleoprotein, or specific for S2 antigen of seasonal beta-coronaviruses and hemagglutinin of the H1N1 flu virus. The presence of neutralizing antibodies within the first weeks from symptoms onset correlates with time to a negative swab result (p = 0.002), while the lack of neutralizing capacity correlates with an increased risk of a fatal outcome (p = 0.008). Neutralizing antibody titers progressively drop after 5–8 weeks but are still detectable up to 8 months in the majority of recovered patients regardless of age or co-morbidities, with IgG to spike antigens providing the best correlate of neutralization. Antibody responses to seasonal coronaviruses are temporarily boosted, and parallel those to SARS-CoV-2 without dampening the specific response or worsening disease progression. Our results thus suggest compromised immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike to be a major trait of COVID-19 patients with critical conditions, and thereby inform on the planning of COVID-19 patient care and therapy prioritization.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.02.17.21251929: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Serum serial 3-fold dilutions starting from the 1/40 dilution were incubated in duplicate with the LV-Luc for 30 min at 37°C in 96-well plates, and thereafter added to VeroE6 cells. VeroE6suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 24 (SPSS Inc./IBM) and the R software version 3.4.3.17 Role of the funding source: The sponsors had no role in study … SciScore for 10.1101/2021.02.17.21251929: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Serum serial 3-fold dilutions starting from the 1/40 dilution were incubated in duplicate with the LV-Luc for 30 min at 37°C in 96-well plates, and thereafter added to VeroE6 cells. VeroE6suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 24 (SPSS Inc./IBM) and the R software version 3.4.3.17 Role of the funding source: The sponsors had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. SPSSsuggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:
Identifier Status Title NCT04318366 Recruiting COVID-19 Patients Characterization, Biobank, Treatment Respo… Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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