Single-cell analysis of two severe COVID-19 patients reveals a monocyte-associated and tocilizumab-responding cytokine storm
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Abstract
Several studies show that the immunosuppressive drugs targeting the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, including tocilizumab, ameliorate lethal inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Here, by employing single-cell analysis of the immune cell composition of two severe-stage COVID-19 patients prior to and following tocilizumab-induced remission, we identify a monocyte subpopulation that contributes to the inflammatory cytokine storms. Furthermore, although tocilizumab treatment attenuates the inflammation, immune cells, including plasma B cells and CD8 + T cells, still exhibit robust humoral and cellular antiviral immune responses. Thus, in addition to providing a high-dimensional dataset on the immune cell distribution at multiple stages of the COVID-19, our work also provides insights into the therapeutic effects of tocilizumab, and identifies potential target cell populations for treating COVID-19-related cytokine storms.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.04.08.029769: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources The thickness of line connecting TFs and target genes represented the weight of regulatory link predicted by SCENIC. SCENICsuggested: (SCENIC, RRID:SCR_017247)In CellphoneDB, a permutation test was used to evaluate the significance of a cytokine/receptor pair. CellphoneDBsuggested: (CellPhoneDB, RRID:SCR_017054)Metascape utilizes the hypergeometric test and Benjamini-Hochberg P value correction algorithm to identify the ontology terms that contain a statistically greater number of genes in common than expected. Metascapesuggested: (Metascape, RRID:SCR_016620)Data Availability: The scRNA-seq … SciScore for 10.1101/2020.04.08.029769: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources The thickness of line connecting TFs and target genes represented the weight of regulatory link predicted by SCENIC. SCENICsuggested: (SCENIC, RRID:SCR_017247)In CellphoneDB, a permutation test was used to evaluate the significance of a cytokine/receptor pair. CellphoneDBsuggested: (CellPhoneDB, RRID:SCR_017054)Metascape utilizes the hypergeometric test and Benjamini-Hochberg P value correction algorithm to identify the ontology terms that contain a statistically greater number of genes in common than expected. Metascapesuggested: (Metascape, RRID:SCR_016620)Data Availability: The scRNA-seq data of PBMCs from the 2 severe COVID-19 patients can be obtained from the Genome Sequence Archive (GSA) at BIG Data Center and the accession number is CRA002509. Genome Sequence Archivesuggested: NoneResults from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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