Risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes associated with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and immune-modifying therapies: a nationwide cohort study in the OpenSAFELY platform
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.09.03.21262888: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Ethics: The study was approved by the Health Research Authority (Research Ethics Committee reference 20/LO/0651) and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine’s Ethics Board (Reference 21863). Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We therefore conducted quantitative bias analysis using E-values to assess how strongly associated unmeasured confounders would need to be with exposure and outcome to potentially fully explain observed non-null associations (i.e., association adjusted for both measured covariates and the unmeasured confounder would … SciScore for 10.1101/2021.09.03.21262888: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Ethics: The study was approved by the Health Research Authority (Research Ethics Committee reference 20/LO/0651) and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine’s Ethics Board (Reference 21863). Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We therefore conducted quantitative bias analysis using E-values to assess how strongly associated unmeasured confounders would need to be with exposure and outcome to potentially fully explain observed non-null associations (i.e., association adjusted for both measured covariates and the unmeasured confounder would be null).21 Software and reproducibility: We used Python for data management, and Stata 16/Python for analyses. Pythonsuggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Strengths and weaknesses: The key strengths of this study are the scale and completeness of underlying raw EHR data. The OpenSAFELY platform accesses an unprecedented scale of data; the full dataset of all raw, single-event-level clinical events for all individuals at 40% of all GP practices in England, including all tests, treatments, diagnoses, and clinical and demographic information linked to various sources of hospital data including, for the first time, a comprehensive dataset of medications supplied by hospitals. We recognise some limitations. Although English primary care records are longitudinal and comprehensive, certain confounders were not captured. Shielding, as recommended for groups of clinically vulnerable people by the Chief Medical Officer,30 may have reduced the risk of infection, thus likely biasing results towards the null. In mediator adjusted models, we adjusted for concomitant use of oral glucocorticoids, however this adjustment is likely to be imperfect, leading to residual confounding. We also considered cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus to be mediators in the relationship between IMIDs and severe COVID-19 outcomes, however the timing of mediator assessment at index means they could have predated the IMID diagnosis, and hence not be true mediators. Assessment of glucocorticoid doses and usage is challenging due to absent precise dose information, prescribing of reducing dose regimens, low-cost medication administered in hospital alongside ...
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No funding statement was detected.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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