Long-term exposure to air-pollution and COVID-19 mortality in England: A hierarchical spatial analysis
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Abstract
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.08.10.20171421: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Strengths and Limitations: Our study is the first study that examines the association between long-term exposure to NO2 and PM2·5 at very high geographical precision. The spatial unit of our analysis is LSOAs, for which there are 32 844 in England (~130 000km), whereas previous studies have used 317 LTLAs in England, counties …
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.08.10.20171421: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Strengths and Limitations: Our study is the first study that examines the association between long-term exposure to NO2 and PM2·5 at very high geographical precision. The spatial unit of our analysis is LSOAs, for which there are 32 844 in England (~130 000km), whereas previous studies have used 317 LTLAs in England, counties in the US (3 122 in an area ~9·8 million km2) and municipalities in the Netherlands (334 in an area ~41 500km2). Such high-resolution allows capturing the localised geographical patterns of the pollutants but also ensures adequate confounding and spatial autocorrelation adjustment. Our study also covers, so far, the largest temporal window of the epidemic (capturing the entire first wave, Figure S25 Supplementary Material), while most previous studies focused on the early to mid-stages of the first wave. This ensures better generalisability of the results. We also adjusted for spatial autocorrelation, which was found to be a crucial component in the model. Not accounting for spatial autocorrelation, when spatial autocorrelation is present, is expected to give rise to narrower credible intervals and false positive effects.28 Our study has also some limitations. The downscaling procedure will likely inflate the reported credible intervals. However, this naturally reflects the uncertainty of the place of residence resulted from the downscaling approach. Although we consider small areas, the study is still an ecological one and thus the reported effects do n...
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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