Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike responses to Pfizer–BioNTech and Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccines by previous infection status

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1. Version published to 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.05.041

   Oct 1, 2021
2. 

   ScreenIT

   Mar 28, 2021

   SciScore for 10.1101/2021.03.21.21254061: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Institutional Review Board Statement	IRB: Ethics statement: Deidentified data were obtained from the Infections in Oxfordshire Research Database which has generic Research Ethics Committee, Health Research Authority and Confidentiality Advisory Group approvals (19/SC/0403, 19/CAG/0144).
   Randomization	not detected.
   Blinding	not detected.
   Power Analysis	not detected.
   Sex as a biological variable	not detected.

   Table 2: Resources

   Antibodies
   Sentences	Resources
   Post vaccination anti-spike IgG responses were assessed using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant antibody test targeting the spike receptor binding domain (RBD), with results available up to 11-March-2021.	anti-spike IgG suggested: None
   Pre-vaccination …

   SciScore for 10.1101/2021.03.21.21254061: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Institutional Review Board Statement	IRB: Ethics statement: Deidentified data were obtained from the Infections in Oxfordshire Research Database which has generic Research Ethics Committee, Health Research Authority and Confidentiality Advisory Group approvals (19/SC/0403, 19/CAG/0144).
   Randomization	not detected.
   Blinding	not detected.
   Power Analysis	not detected.
   Sex as a biological variable	not detected.

   Table 2: Resources

   Antibodies
   Sentences	Resources
   Post vaccination anti-spike IgG responses were assessed using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant antibody test targeting the spike receptor binding domain (RBD), with results available up to 11-March-2021.	anti-spike IgG suggested: None
   Pre-vaccination antibody status was assessed using the Abbott anti-nucleocapsid IgG assay (defining readings of ≥1.4 as detected), the Abbott anti-spike IgG, and an anti-trimeric spike IgG ELISA16 (detected: ≥8 million units).	anti-nucleocapsid IgG suggested: (Imported from the IEDB Cat# 3E9, RRID:AB_2848062) anti-trimeric spike IgG suggested: None
   Statistical analysis: Staff were grouped into those with evidence of prior infection, i.e. any positive anti-spike or anti-nucleocapsid antibody test or positive PCR prior to first vaccination, and those without (including staff with no previous serology or PCR testing).	anti-nucleocapsid suggested: None
   We used multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of any positive anti-spike antibody result ≥15 days post-first vaccination (but before a second vaccination), considering the vaccine given, previous infection status, age, sex, and ethnicity.	anti-spike suggested: None
   Software and Algorithms
   Sentences	Resources
   Post vaccination anti-spike IgG responses were assessed using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant antibody test targeting the spike receptor binding domain (RBD), with results available up to 11-March-2021.	Abbott suggested: (Abbott, RRID:SCR_010477)

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   Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

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   Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

   Study limitations include the use of a single assay to quantify post-vaccine anti-spike antibody levels, however as it is commercially-available and well calibrated (Figure S1), results should be generalisable. Our focus on a defined group, i.e. HCWs, is both a strength and a weakness, and we are not able to assess variations in vaccine response in children or those >65 years. Additional data on post-vaccine antibody responses in older individuals, at highest risk of adverse outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection, is particularly important. Our cohort was also 76% female and predominantly of white ethnicity. We did not assess neutralising antibodies or T cell responses, both of which reflect vaccine response and may vary by vaccine. Further work will be required to determine the duration of antibody responses. In summary, vaccination leads to detectable anti-spike antibodies in nearly all healthy adult HCWs. Markedly higher responses to vaccine are seen after previous infection; single dose or delayed vaccination could be considered where vaccine sparing is needed in healthy individuals with robust evidence of previous infection. Some caution is required with antibody result interpretation and any subsequent behaviour change, as despite good protection from vaccination, seroconversion with high antibody levels still does not afford absolute protection from infection. Large-scale studies will be required to assess how protection from infection varies by antibody titre.

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   Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

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   Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

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   Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

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   Results from rtransparent:

   • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
   • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
   • No protocol registration statement was detected.

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3. 

   Version published to 10.1101/2021.03.21.21254061v1 on medRxiv

   Mar 26, 2021