Cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunosuppressed patients

  1. Dinesh Mohanraj
  2. Samuel Baldwin
  3. Satbeer Singh
  4. Alun Gordon
  5. Alison Whitelegg

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Abstract

No abstract available

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  1. Version published to 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104501
  2. Version published to 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1152342/v1 on Research Square
  3. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2021.12.03.21267250: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: Study design: This study was approved by the institutional research review board of Portsmouth Hospital University NHS Trust and ethical approval was obtained from a national ethics committee (London-City and East research ethics committee, IRAS: 291009).
    Consent: Before enrolment, all participants provided written informed consent.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Serological testing: Serum was tested for antibodies to Spike (S) protein using the Binding site Anti-spike IgG/A/M ELISA assay according to manufacturer’s instructions.
    Anti-spike IgG/A/M
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Representation of high-dimensional flow cytometry: Flow cytometric t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) and FlowSOM analysis were performed using Cytobank (http://premium.cytobank.org).
    FlowSOM
    suggested: (FlowSOM, RRID:SCR_016899)
    Cytobank
    suggested: (Cytobank, RRID:SCR_014043)
    Data from 103,311 CD3+ gated events, from all cohorts per peptide, were exported as flow cytometry standard (FCS) files using Kaluza 2.1 software (Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL).
    Kaluza
    suggested: (Kaluza, RRID:SCR_016182)
    Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was conducted using Prism V9.0 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, California, USA).
    Prism
    suggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375)
    GraphPad
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Our study has some limitations. Firstly, the small number of participants and immunosuppressed patients, restricted to renal transplant and haematological malignancies, makes it challenging to draw firm conclusions. Moreover, demographical risk factors for COVID-19, such as ethnicity [36] were not controlled for as most participants were white-British. Consequently, these demographic variables could not be fully investigated in this study. Secondly, we were only able to re-bleed a small proportion of our VACC-IC and VACC-IS study participants for T-cell subset analysis. Going forward, we propose to extend the T-cell subset panel along with drop-in markers of activation and proliferation (such as Ki-67). This would provide a more detailed phenotypic landscape of T-cell memory subsets found in vaccinated healthy and immunosuppressed cohorts. Overall, our data confirms an immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in immunosuppressed patients, when assessed by combination of cellular and serological assays. The observed vaccine-induced responses within this immunosuppressed cohort were comparable to healthy vaccinated participants. Furthermore, our data highlights the robust and broad capacities of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells. Further work is required to decipher these responses with the continual emergence of global SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns. Our findings warrant further work correlating the observed immunological responses with protective immunity and evaluate if long...

    Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:

    IdentifierStatusTitle
    NCT04381936RecruitingRandomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  4. Version published to 10.1101/2021.12.03.21267250v1 on medRxiv