SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

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Abstract

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2020.01.31.929042: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board Statementnot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    After an incubation period of 1 h at 37 °C, the inoculum was removed and cells were washed with PBS before medium supplemented with anti-VSV-G antibody (I1, mouse hybridoma supernatant from CRL-2700; ATCC) was added (no antibody was added to cells expressing VSV-G).
    anti-VSV-G
    suggested: None
    I1
    suggested: None
    The following primary antibodies were used: Mouse anti-HA tag (Sigma-Aldrich, H3663, 1:2,500), mouse anti-ß-actin (Sigma-Aldrich, A5441, 1:2,000), mouse anti-VSV matrix protein (Kerafast, EB0011, 1:2,500).
    anti-HA
    suggested: (Sigma-Aldrich Cat# H3663, RRID:AB_262051)
    anti-ß-actin
    suggested: (RayBiotech Cat# 168-10656, RRID:AB_2885189)
    A5441
    suggested: (Sigma-Aldrich Cat# A5441, RRID:AB_476744)
    anti-VSV matrix protein (Kerafast, EB0011
    suggested: None
    As secondary antibody we used a peroxidase-coupled goat anti-mouse antibody (Dianova, 115-035-003, 1:10000).
    anti-mouse
    suggested: (MBL International Cat# D292-3, RRID:AB_10795278)
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    293T (human, kidney), BHK-21 (Syrian hamster, kidney cells), Huh-7 (human, liver), LLC-PK1 (pig, kidney), MRC-5 (human, lung), MyDauLu/47.1 (Daubenton’s bat [Myotis daubentonii], lung), NIH/3T3 (Mouse, embryo), RhiLu/1.1 (Halcyon horseshoe bat [Rhinolophus alcyone], lung), Vero (African green monkey, kidney) cells were incubated in Dulbecco’s’ modified Eagle medium (PAN-Biotech).
    Huh-7
    suggested: None
    MRC-5
    suggested: None
    Calu-3 (human, lung), Caco-2 (human, colon), MDBK (cattle, kidney) and MDCK II (Dog, kidney) cells were incubated in Minimum Essential Medium (ThermoFisher Scientific).
    Calu-3
    suggested: KCLB Cat# 30055, RRID:CVCL_0609)
    Caco-2
    suggested: None
    MDCK
    suggested: CLS Cat# 602280/p823_MDCK_(NBL-2, RRID:CVCL_0422)
    A549 (human, lung), BEAS-2B (human, bronchus) and NCI-H1299 (human, lung) cells were incubated in DMEM/F-12 Medium with Nutrient Mix (ThermoFisher Scientific).
    A549
    suggested: None
    BEAS-2B
    suggested: None
    NCI-H1299
    suggested: None
    Analysis of 2019-nCoV-S expression and particle incorporation by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot: Preparation of whole cell lysates: 293T cells were transfected with expression vectors for HA-tagged 2019-nCoV-S or SARS-S, or empty expression vector (negative control).
    293T
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Phylogenetic analysis: Phylogenetic analysis (neighbor-joining trees) was performed using the MEGA7.0.26 software.
    MEGA7.0.26
    suggested: None
    For all statistical analyses, the GraphPad Prism 7 software package was used (GraphPad Software).
    GraphPad Prism
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)
    GraphPad
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

    Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.