Degradation of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 by the E3 ubiquitin ligase Skp2 in lung epithelial cells

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Abstract

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.13.337774: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board StatementIRB: Patient samples: The study was approved by the research ethics committees of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Institute and Hospital.
    IACUC: All animal studies were conducted according to protocols approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of our hospital.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    The lung biopsy samples of patients with benign diseases (Supplementary Table 1) were obtained from Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and were analyzed by immunohistochemistry assay using an anti-ACE2 and anti-Skp2 antibodies.
    anti-ACE2
    suggested: None
    anti-Skp2
    suggested: None
    Antibodies and reagents: Antibodies used in this study included rabbit polyclonal anti-human ACE2 (#ab15348, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; 1:200 for immunofluorescence), rabbit monoclonal anti-human ACE2 (#ab108252, Abcam; 1:1000 for Western blot),
    anti-human ACE2
    suggested: None
    rabbit polyclonal anti-human ACE2 (#4355, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; 1:1000 for Western blot), anti-TMPRSS2 (#ab92323, Abcam; 1:1000 for Western blot), rabbit anti-Furin (#ab183595, Abcam,; 1:1000 for Western blot), rabbit anti-Skp2 (#2652, Cell Signaling Technology; 1:1000 for Western blot), anti-GAPDH (#5174, Cell Signaling Technology; 1:1000 for Western blot), and anti-β-Actin (#A5441, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA; 1:5000 for Western blot).
    anti-Furin
    suggested: None
    anti-β-Actin
    suggested: (Sigma-Aldrich Cat# A5441, RRID:AB_476744)
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    In vitro ubiqutination assay: Ubiquitination assay was performed with Ubiquitylation Assay Kit (abcam; ab139467) using recombinant carrier free ACE2 (# 933-ZN-010) and Skp1/Skp2 (#E3-521-025) proteins bought from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA) or Flag-ACE2 and Flag-Skp1/Skp2 purified from 293T cells.
    293T
    suggested: NCBI_Iran Cat# C498, RRID:CVCL_0063)
    To infect 16HBE and 293T-ACE2 cells with pseudovirions, the cells were seeded onto 96-well plates, pre-treated with CSE (10%), BaP (5 μM), or NNK (5 μM) for 48 h, followed by co-incubation with 100 μl media containing pseudovirions for 48 h.
    293T-ACE2
    suggested: RRID:CVCL_YZ65)
    Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
    SentencesResources
    A/J mice (5-6 weeks old) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine, USA), and were bred and maintained in a specific pathogen-free environment.
    A/J
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Statistical analysis: All statistical analyses were conducted using the software SPSS 26.0 for Windows (Chicago, IL, USA).
    SPSS
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We found bar graphs of continuous data. We recommend replacing bar graphs with more informative graphics, as many different datasets can lead to the same bar graph. The actual data may suggest different conclusions from the summary statistics. For more information, please see Weissgerber et al (2015).


    Results from JetFighter: Please consider improving the rainbow (“jet”) colormap(s) used on page 27. At least one figure is not accessible to readers with colorblindness and/or is not true to the data, i.e. not perceptually uniform.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.