Major role of IgM in the neutralizing activity of convalescent plasma against SARS-CoV-2

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Abstract

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.09.333278: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board StatementConsent: Ethics statement: All work was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki in terms of informed consent and approval by an appropriate Ethics Review board.
    IRB: Ethics statement: All work was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki in terms of informed consent and approval by an appropriate Ethics Review board.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    BlindingThe assay was conducted with the person blinded to the sample identity.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Isotype depletion: Selective depletion of IgM, IgA or IgG was done by adsorption on isotype-specific ligands immobilized on sepharose or agarose beads starting with a five-fold dilution of plasma in PBS. IgG and IgA antibodies were depleted from plasma obtained from 25 recovered COVID-19 patient using Protein G HP Spintrap (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Buckinghamshire, UK) and Peptide M / Agarose (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA), respectively, according to the manufacturer’s instructions with the exception that no elution step for the recovery of the targeted antibodies was done.
    IgA
    suggested: None
    Plasma binding to cell-surface Spike was revealed using fluorescent secondary antibodies able to detect all Ig isotypes (anti-human IgM+IgG+IgA; Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc.) or specific to IgG isotype (Biolegend), IgM isotype (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc.) or IgA isotype (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc.).
    anti-human IgM+IgG+IgA
    suggested: None
    IgG isotype (Biolegend), IgM
    suggested: None
    IgM isotype
    suggested: None
    IgA isotype (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc.)
    suggested: None
    An anti-mouse SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (Clone 1C7, Bioss Antibodies) primary antibody solution was prepared at 1 μg/mL in PBS + 1% non-fat milk and added to all wells for one hour at room temperature.
    anti-mouse SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein
    suggested: None
    Following extensive washing with PBS, an anti-mouse IgG HRP secondary antibody solution was formulated in PBS + 1% non-fat milk.
    anti-mouse IgG
    suggested: None
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    The 293T-ACE2 cell line was previously reported (Prévost et al., 2020).
    293T-ACE2
    suggested: RRID:CVCL_YZ65)
    Supernatant containing lentiviral particles was used to infect 293T cells in presence of 5μg/mL polybrene.
    293T
    suggested: NCBI_Iran Cat# C498, RRID:CVCL_0063)
    One day prior to infection, 2×104 Vero E6 cells were seeded per well of a 96 well flat bottom plate and incubated overnight (37°C/5% CO2) to permit Vero E6 cell adherence.
    Vero E6
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    After four washes, 100 μL of either goat anti-human IgA+G+M (H+L) HRP conjugate (1/30 000) for the detection of all isotypes, goat anti-human IgM (μ-chain specific) HRP conjugate (1/15 000), F(ab’)₂ fragment goat anti-human IgA (α-chain specific) HRP conjugate (1/4500) (all from Jackson Immunosearch Laboratories, Inc.) or goat anti-human IgG (γ-chain specific) HRP conjugate (1/50 000) (Invitrogen) were added and samples were incubated at 20-24°C for 60 minutes.
    Jackson Immunosearch Laboratories
    suggested: None
    Samples were acquired on a LSRII cytometer (BD Biosciences, Mississauga, ON, Canada) and data analysis was performed using FlowJo v10.5.3 (Tree Star, Ashland, OR).
    FlowJo
    suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)
    Statistical analysis: Statistics were analyzed using GraphPad Prism version 8.0.2 (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, (USA).
    GraphPad Prism
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)
    GraphPad
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.